A Pause

Two transcription pause elements underlie a σ70-dependent pause cycle.

The movement of RNA polymerase (RNAP) during transcription elongation is modulated by DNA-encoded elements that cause the elongation complex to pause. One of the best-characterized pause sequences is a binding site for the σ(70) initiation factor that induces pausing at a site near lambdoid phage late-gene promoters. An essential component of this σ(70)-dependent pause is the elemental pause si...

Pause for reflection

Why such relentless phreneticism? Why, when the media consider a piece of science to be of public interest, do they invariably splash it as news for immediate consumption? Why so little insight, so few reflective or truly helpful feature articles after a pause for thought? One answer is that, along with novelty, we all need topicality (real or apparent) to attract our attention to a news story....

Pause Duration and Variabil

Generating natural sounding synthetic speech from text requires a division of a text into IPs and assigning pauses between those phrases. A difficulty which faces attempts to model pauses quantitatively is high degree of variability exhibited by speakers in pause placement and duration. The present study seeks to investigate if Synchronous Speech (speech elicited when two speakers are asked to ...

Filled Pause Modeling

This document presents a streamlined approach to modeling filled pause distribution in spontaneous speech and populating a large clean corpus, making use of only the SRILM toolkit and a small training set. Although used for filled pause modeling, it can be fairly general and may be used to model other types of disfluencies, punctuation or sentence boundaries, with a minimal set of changes.

Foundation Evaluation Startup: A Pause for Reflection